Question 8 Determine which of the standard argument forms matches the following argument, and indicate whether or not this is a valid argument. "If it is cold , my windows frost over.My windows are not frosted over, so it is not cold." is an example of square (E) , and this argument is therefore Select an answer Question 9 Bo/1pt 53 19 (i) Details Determine which of the standard argument forms matches the following argument, and indicate whether or not this is a valid argument. "You must eat well or you will not be healthy. I eat well, therefore I am healthy.. This is an example of square (B) , and this argument is therefore square

To determine the standard argument forms and their validity, let's analyze each argument separately.**Question 8:**Argument: "If it is cold, my windows frost over. My windows are not frosted over, so it is not cold."This argument follows the form of **Modus Tollens**, which is a valid argument form. Modus Tollens can be represented as:1. If , then .2. Not .3. Therefore, not .In this case:- = "It is cold."- = "My windows frost over."The argument structure is:1. If it is cold ( ), then my windows frost over ( ).2. My windows are not frosted over (Not ).3. Therefore, it is not cold (Not ).Thus, this argument is an example of **Modus Tollens**, and it is a valid argument.**Question 9:**Argument: "You must eat well or you will not be healthy. I eat well, therefore I am healthy."This argument does not fit a standard valid argument form like Modus Ponens or Modus Tollens. Instead, it seems to attempt to use a form similar to **Affirming the Consequent**, which is not a valid argument form. Affirming the Consequent can be represented as:1. If , then .2. .3. Therefore, .However, the given argument is structured as:1. You must eat well or you will not be healthy.2. I eat well.3. Therefore, I am healthy.This does not follow a valid logical form because eating well is a necessary condition for being healthy, but not necessarily a sufficient one. Other factors could affect health.Therefore, this argument is not a valid argument based on standard logical forms.In summary:- Question 8: This is an example of **Modus Tollens**, and this argument is therefore **valid**.- Question 9: This argument does not match a valid standard argument form and is therefore **invalid**.