PHYS III QUESTION MARKS) (B) (i) Physics can be defined as the study of the interaction between matter and energy. It is art empirical science which means it is based on measurement What are the basic fundamental measurable quantities in physics called? Also state the quantities that are encountered mechamics (2) market (ii) These fundamental measurable quantities have an important application.namely.verifying physical laws expressed as equations State the principle upon which this application is hased (2) marks) (iii) Using this principle , explain if the following equation is correct, d=v/t where it is distance, va velocity and re-time (4 marks) (b) (i) in physics one way of classifying physical quantities is to classify them as either scalars or vectors Explain how a vector differs from a scalar and give an example of one. (ii) A.coin on a nat table is first of all moved 2cm from left to right in a straight line then moved 3cm in a straight line at an angle of 60^circ above its original direction (2 marks) 1. Determine the displacement of the coin from its original position in terms of unit vectors (4)/(3) and hat (i) where i is the unit vector in the positive x direction from left to right and hat (i) is the unit vector in the positive y direction from bottom to top 2. How far away from the original position is the com? (2 marks) (2. marks) (c) ciassical Newtonian mechanies cinematics can be drined as thestudy of motion without taking amo account the forces causing the motion State the finear kinematic equations.(3 marks) (ii) Kouch throws a stone at a bird which is directly above his head Unfortunately he misses as Also signs stops just before it hits the bird A. Af the bird was som directly above Rotich calculate the speed with which the stone left his hand (2 marks) 2. For what length of time did the stone travel before stopping? (2 marks)

(a)(i) The basic fundamental measurable quantities in physics are called **physical quantities**. In mechanics, the quantities encountered include **mass**, **length**, **time**, **temperature**, **electric current**, **luminous intensity**, and **amount of substance**.(ii) The principle upon which the application of these fundamental measurable quantities in verifying physical laws expressed as equations is based is the **principle of measurement**. This principle states that physical quantities can be measured and expressed in terms of fundamental units.(iii) The equation is incorrect. The correct equation is , where is distance, is velocity, and is time.(b)(i) A vector differs from a scalar in that a vector has both magnitude and direction, while a scalar has only magnitude. An example of a vector is **velocity**.(ii) 1. The displacement of the coin from its original position in terms of unit vectors and is .2. The distance of the coin from the original position can be calculated using the Pythagorean theorem: \(\sqrt{(2^2) + (3^2)} = \sqrt{13}\) cm.(c)(i) The linear kinematic equations in classical Newtonian mechanics are:1. 2. 3. (ii) 1. The speed with which the stone left his hand can be calculated using the equation , where is the final velocity (0 m/s, since the stone stops), is the initial velocity, is the acceleration, and is the displacement. Given that the bird was 1.5 m directly above Rotich, we can rearrange the equation to solve for : m/s.2. The length of time the stone traveled before stopping can be calculated using the equation , where is the final velocity (0 m/s, since the stone stops), is the initial velocity, is the acceleration, and is the time. Rearranging the equation to solve for : .