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The atomic number of an atom is equivalent to the number of: electrons protons neutrons alpha particles protons and neutrons
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The correct answer is:**protons**### Explanation:The atomic number of an atom is defined as the number of **protons** in the nucleus of an atom. It uniquely identifies a chemical element and determines its position on the periodic table. - **Electrons**: In a neutral atom, the number of electrons equals the number of protons, but the atomic number specifically refers to protons.- **Neutrons**: The number of neutrons can vary in isotopes of the same element, so it does not define the atomic number.- **Alpha particles**: These are helium nuclei (2 protons and 2 neutrons) and are unrelated to the atomic number.- **Protons and neutrons**: Together, they make up the mass number, not the atomic number.Thus, the atomic number is equivalent to the number of **protons**.