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3. Transinstitutionalization from state hospitals to the custody of the criminal justice system is reportedly due to: A deinstitutionalization B restriction of civil commitment criteria C the ease of police placement of persons with mental illnesses in jail D a significant decrease in the number of long term commitments E All of the above
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E All of the aboveTransinstitutionalization refers to the shift of individuals with mental illnesses from state hospitals to other institutions, such as jails and prisons. This phenomenon is attributed to several factors:A. Deinstitutionalization: The movement to close or reduce the size of state psychiatric hospitals led to many individuals with mental illnesses being released into communities without adequate support systems.B. Restriction of civil commitment criteria: Changes in laws have made it more difficult to involuntarily commit individuals to psychiatric facilities, resulting in fewer people receiving long-term inpatient care.C. The ease of police placement of persons with mental illnesses in jail: Law enforcement officers often find it easier to place individuals with mental health issues in jail rather than navigating the complex mental health system.D. A significant decrease in the number of long-term commitments: With fewer options for long-term psychiatric care, individuals with severe mental illnesses may end up in the criminal justice system instead.All these factors contribute to the transinstitutionalization trend, making option E the correct answer.