4. Which of the following diseases is a dental biofilm -induced gingival a) Hereditary gingival fibromatosis b) Squamous cell carcinoma c) Pyogenic granuloma d)associated gingivitis e) Peripheral giant cell granuloma

answer is d) associated gingivitis.<br /><br />Dental biofilm-induced gingival associated gingivitis is a common inflammatory condition affecting the gums, caused by the accumulation of dental plaque, which is a biofilm composed of bacteria. The bacteria in the biofilm produce toxins and irritants that lead to inflammation and swelling of the gum tissue, resulting in gingivitis. This condition can progress to periodontitis if left untreated, which is a more severe form of gum disease that can cause bone loss and tooth loss.