for placental abruption of the following islam prodisposing factors 11. yeared uterine blood flow countrationd maternal age minal region IV. Sudden drainage of emniotic fluid A) Only III and tit 1,11,m D) All E) None during the Mum which of the following is/are causes of bleeding 11. Abortions 1. Ectopie pergmancies IV. Contactional trophoblastic dineans IV Placenta previn V. Placental abruption A) Only V B) TV and V D) All E) None 12. Which of the following is NOT one of the types of spontaneous abortion? (3p) A) Thecatened abortion (Abortur (C) Thevitable abortion (Abortan Inspirent) C)Habitual abortion E) Missed abortion D) Incomplete abortion 13. Which of the following is NOT one of the general characteristics of trophoblantic diseases? (3p) A) Absence of fetal heart sounds B) High levels of HCG in serum C) Pregnancy hypertension occurring in the first half of pregnancy D) Enlarged venicular vill visible on ultrasound, especially after the sixth to eighth weeks E) Uterus size being much smaller than expected for gestational age 14. Which of the following is NOT one of the membranes?(3p) complications that may arise duc to premature rapture of A) Maternal infections B) Fetal or neonatal infections C) Preterm labor D) Fetal hypoxia and asphyxia due to umbilical cord E) Opening of the episiotomy compression 15. Which of the following is NOT one of the teratogenic infections classified under TORCH known to cause severe effects such as birth defects growth returdation, and developmental abormalize if contracted during the finst trimester of pregnancy? (3p) A) Toxoplasma B)Syphilis C) Rubella D) Cytomegalovirus E) Haemophilus influenzae 16. In which of the following conditioned 16. In which of the follewing conditions do B) Mother is Rh negative, and fetus is Rh-potitive C) Both mother and fetur are Ri D) Both mother and fetur are Rh-negative E) Mother has blood type O, and fetus has blood type A. 17. Toprevent hypotensive syndrome which comtoonly occurs during the last months of pregnancy, in position should a pergnant woman lie down? (1p) A) Supine ponition B) Kight lateral position C) Left lateral position D) Prone position E) Siting upright 18. During a veginal examination, what is the term used to describe the movement where the Betus, when pushed, moves away and then returns to strike the fluid-filled balloon? (2p) resembling the movement of an object floating in A) Ballotment B) Hegar's sign C) Chadwick's sign D) Piskacek's sign E) Goodell's sign of (3p) 19. Which of the following is one of the definitive signs A) Amenorthea B)Weight gain C) Visualization of the fetus on ultrasound D) Positive pregnancy test E) Nausea and vomiting 20. Which of the statements about the HCG (Human Chorionic Constatopin) hormone is incorrect? (3p) A) HCG begias to be secreted by trophoblast cells immediately after fertilization. B) HCG is detected early in pregnancy tests and indicates the presence of pregnancy. C) HCG is only detected in maternal blood, not in urine. D) HCG supports the continuation of the corpus luteum by promoting progesterone production. E) HCG levels are higher in molar pregnancies. 21. Which of the following is NOT function of amniotic fluid? (3p) A) Protects the fetus from trauma B) Prevents heat loss in the fetus C) Restricts fetal movement , thereby hindering D) Aids in the symmetrical growth of the fetus musculoskeletal development E) Washes the birth canal with aseptic fluid during labor

1. **Which of the following is NOT a predisposing factor for placental abruption?**<br /> - **Answer: IV. Sudden drainage of amniotic fluid**<br /> - **Explanation:** Sudden drainage of amniotic fluid is not typically considered a predisposing factor for placental abruption. Placental abruption is more commonly associated with factors such as vaginal bleeding, maternal age, and abdominal region.<br /><br />2. **During the Mum, which of the following is/are causes of bleeding?**<br /> - **Answer: D) All**<br /> - **Explanation:** All the listed options (Abortions, Ectopic pregnancies, Contactional trophoblastic dineans, Placenta previn, Placental abruption) can be causes of bleeding during pregnancy.<br /><br />3. **Which of the following is NOT one of the types of spontaneous abortion?**<br /> - **Answer: C) Habitual abortion**<br /> - **Explanation:** Habitual abortion is not typically classified as one of the types of spontaneous abortion. The other options (Threatened abortion, Inevitable abortion, Missed abortion, Incomplete abortion) are recognized types.<br /><br />4. **Which of the following is NOT one of the general characteristics of trophoblastic disease?**<br /> - **Answer: A) Absence of fetal heart sounds**<br /> - **Explanation:** Absence of fetal heart sounds is not typically associated with trophoblastic disease. The other options (High levels of HCG in serum, Pregnancy hypertension occurring in the first half of pregnancy, Enlarged venicular vill visible on ultrasound, Uterus size being much smaller than expected for gestational age) are characteristics of trophoblastic disease.<br /><br />5. **Which of the following is NOT one of the complications that may arise due to premature rupture of membranes?**<br /> - **Answer: E) Opening of the episiotomy**<br /> - **Explanation:** Opening of the episiotomy is not a complication arising from premature rupture of membranes. The other options (Maternal infections, Fetal or neonatal infections, Preterm labor, Fetal hypoxia and asphyxia due to umbilical cord compression) are potential complications.<br /><br />6. **Which of the following is NOT one of the teratogenic infections classified under TORCH known to cause severe effects such as birth defects, growth retardation, and developmental abnormalities if contracted during the first trimester of pregnancy?**<br /> - **Answer: E) Haemophilus influenzae**<br /> - **Explanation:** Haemophilus influenzae is not classified under the TORCH group of infections. The other options (Toxoplasma, Syphilis, Rubella, Cytomegalovirus) are part of the TORCH infections known to cause severe effects during pregnancy.<br /><br />7. **In which of the following conditions do Rh incompatibility issues arise?**<br /> - **Answer: B) Mother is Rh negative, and fetus is Rh positive**<br /> - **Explanation:** Rh incompatibility issues arise when the mother is Rh negative and the fetus is Rh positive, leading to potential complications.<br /><br />8. **To prevent hypotensive syndrome which commonly occurs during the last months of pregnancy, in which position should a pregnant woman lie down?**<br /> - **Answer: C) Left lateral position**<br /> - **Explanation:** Pregnant women are advised to lie in the left lateral position to prevent hypotensive syndrome during the last months of pregnancy.<br /><br />9. **During a vaginal examination, what is the term used to describe the movement where the fetus, when pushed, moves away and then returns to strike, resembling the movement of an object floating in a fluid-filled balloon?**<br /> - **Answer: A) Ballotment**<br /> - **Explanation:** Ballotment is the term used to describe the movement where the fetus, when pushed, moves away and then returns to strike, resembling the movement of an object floating in a fluid-filled balloon.<br /><br />10. **Which of the following is one of the definitive signs of pregnancy?**<br /> - **Answer: C) Visualization of the fetus on ultrasound**<br /> - **Explanation:** Visualization of the fetus on ultrasound is considered one of the definitive signs of pregnancy.<br /><br />11. **Which of the following statements about the HCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotropin) hormone is incorrect?**<br /> - **Answer: C) HCG is only detected in maternal blood, urine**<br /> - **Explanation:** HCG is detected in both maternal blood and urine, making this statement incorrect. The other statements are accurate regarding HCG.<br /><br />12. **Which of the following is NOT a function of amniotic fluid?**<br /> - **Answer: C) Restricts fetal movement, thereby hindering musculoskeletal development**<br /> - **Explanation:** Amniotic fluid does not restrict fetal movement; instead, it allows for freedom of movement, which is important for musculoskeletal development. The other options (Protects the fetus from trauma, Prevents heat loss in the fetus, Aids in the symmetrical growth of the fetus, Washes the birth canal with