CHAPTER 5 REVIEW The Periodic Law MIXED REVIEW SHORT ANSWER Answer the following questions in the space provided. 1. Consider the neutral atom with 53 protons and 74 neutrons to answer the following questions. a. What is its atomic number? b. What is its mass number? c. Is the element's position in a modern periodic table determined by its atomic number or by its atomic mass? 2. Consider an element whose outermost electron configuration is 3d^104s^24p^x a. To which period does the element belong? b. If it is a halogen, what is the value of x? c. The group number will equal (10+2+x) True or False? 3. a. In which block are metalloids found, s,p,d,or f' b. In which block are the hardest, densest metals found, s, p,or d? 4. a. Name the most chemically active halogen. b. Write its electron configuration. c. Write the configuration of the most stable ion this element makes. 5. Refer only to the periodic table at the top of the review of Section 2 to answer the following questions on periodic trends. a. Which has the larger radius, Al or In? b. Which has the larger radius, Se or Ca? c. Which has a larger radius, Ca or Ca^2+ d. Which class has greater ionization energies metals or nonmetals? e. Which has the greater ionization energy, As or CI? __ f. An element with a large negative electron affinity is most likely to form a (positive ion negative ion, or neutral atom)? Original content Copyright C by Holt, I Rinchart art and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor Modern Chemistry 2 The Periodic Law

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CHAPTER 5 REVIEW The Periodic Law MIXED REVIEW SHORT ANSWER Answer the following questions in the space provided. 1. Consider the neutral atom with 53 protons and 74 neutrons to answer the following questions. a. What is its atomic number? b. What is its mass number? c. Is the element's position in a modern periodic table determined by its atomic number or by its atomic mass? 2. Consider an element whose outermost electron configuration is 3d^104s^24p^x a. To which period does the element belong? b. If it is a halogen, what is the value of x? c. The group number will equal (10+2+x) True or False? 3. a. In which block are metalloids found, s,p,d,or f' b. In which block are the hardest, densest metals found, s, p,or d? 4. a. Name the most chemically active halogen. b. Write its electron configuration. c. Write the configuration of the most stable ion this element makes. 5. Refer only to the periodic table at the top of the review of Section 2 to answer the following questions on periodic trends. a. Which has the larger radius, Al or In? b. Which has the larger radius, Se or Ca? c. Which has a larger radius, Ca or Ca^2+ d. Which class has greater ionization energies metals or nonmetals? e. Which has the greater ionization energy, As or CI? __ f. An element with a large negative electron affinity is most likely to form a (positive ion negative ion, or neutral atom)? Original content Copyright C by Holt, I Rinchart art and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor Modern Chemistry 2 The Periodic Law

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1. a. The atomic number of an atom is equal to the number of protons it has. Therefore, the atomic number of this atom is 53. b. The mass number of an atom is the sum of its protons and neutrons. Therefore, the mass number of this atom is 53 + 74 = 127. c. The element's position in a modern periodic table is determined by its atomic number, not its atomic mass. Therefore, the answer is "atomic number." 2. a. The element belongs to period 4, as the outermost electron configuration indicates the presence of a 4s orbital. b. If it is a halogen, the value of x would be 5, as halogens typically have 5 electrons in their outermost p orbital. c. The statement is true. The group number is equal sum of the electrons in the outermost s, d, and p orbitals. Therefore, the answer is "True." 3. a. Metalloids are found in the p block of the periodic table. b. The hardest, densest metals are found in the d block of the periodic table. 4. a. The most chemically active halogen is fluorine. b. The electron configuration of fluorine is 1s^22s^22p^5. c. The most stable ion that fluorine makes is F^- with the electron configuration 1s^22s^22p^6. 5. a. In has a larger radius than Al. b. Ca has a larger radius than Se. c. Ca has a larger radius than Ca^2+. d. Metals have greater ionization energies than nonmetals. e. Cl has a greater ionization energy than As. f. An element with a large negative electron affinity is most likely to form a negative ion.

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