40. Student XY attributes her failing grade in psychology to the lecturer's unfair grading policies. Her attitude exemplifies: a) justification for failing b) reciprocal determinism (C) external locus of control d) unconditional positive regard 41. Which of the following actions would help improve patient compliance? a) Extreme persuasion b) Shouting at the patient (C) Conducting follow ups (4) Conglueting follow aps 42. How can labelling affect individuals? It can lead to: a) lack of libido b) lack of confidence c) increased aggression d) increased self-esteem 43. Counselling came about as a response to which of the following aspects? a) Human needs b) Human division c) Institutionalizing those with stress d) Labelling those with mental illnesses 44. What is the role of a counsellor in therapy? To: a) help client mediate b) sympathise with the client c) provide advice to the client d) provide a helping relationship . What is the first thing to do when a client comes to a counsellor with a personal problem in need of counselling? a) Ask closed questions b) Give client advice on what she should do c) Tell her to what you would do in her situation 1) Actively listen and try to understand the problem

40. (C) external locus of control: Student XY attributes her failing grade to external factors (the lecturer's unfair grading policies) rather than taking personal responsibility, which exemplifies an external locus of control.<br /><br />41. (C) Conducting follow ups: Conducting follow-ups helps improve patient compliance by ensuring continuous support and monitoring, which can enhance adherence to treatment plans.<br /><br />42. (b) lack of confidence: Labelling can negatively impact individuals by leading to a lack of confidence, as they may internalize the labels and believe they are defined by them.<br /><br />43. (a) Human needs: Counselling emerged as a response to addressing human needs, providing support and assistance to individuals facing various challenges and difficulties.<br /><br />44. (d) provide a helping relationship: The role of a counsellor in therapy is to provide a helping relationship, offering support, guidance, and a safe space for clients to explore their issues and work towards personal growth.<br /><br />45. (1) Actively listen and try to understand the problem: When a client comes to a counsellor with a personal problem in need of counselling, the first thing to do is to actively listen and try to understand the problem. This helps build rapport and allows the counsellor to gain a better understanding of the client's concerns and needs.