c) Explain what is mcant by seasoning of timber and describe the common methods used in timber scasoning (8Marks)

Seasoning of timber refers to the process of reducing the moisture content of freshly cut timber to a level that is suitable for its intended use. This is important because freshly cut timber contains a high level of moisture, which can cause it to warp, shrink, or swell when exposed to changes in temperature and humidity. Proper seasoning ensures that the timber is stable, durable, and suitable for construction or other applications.<br /><br />Common methods used in timber seasoning include:<br /><br />1. Air Drying: This is the most common method of seasoning timber. The timber is stacked in a way that allows air to circulate around it, and it is left to dry naturally. This process can take several months to a year, depending on the thickness of the timber and the ambient conditions.<br /><br />2. Kiln Drying: This method involves placing the timber in a kiln, which is a heated chamber that can control the temperature and humidity levels. The timber is dried rapidly in this controlled environment, which can reduce the drying time to a few days or weeks. Kiln drying is often used for thicker or larger pieces of timber.<br /><br />3. Solar Drying: This method uses the sun's heat to dry the timber. The timber is placed in a shallow pit or on a platform that allows it to be exposed to direct sunlight. This method is commonly used in tropical regions where the sun's heat is abundant.<br /><br />4. Mechanical Drying: This method uses mechanical means to remove moisture from the timber. One example is the use of a vacuum, which creates a low-pressure environment that accelerates the drying process. Another method is the use of a dehumidifier, which removes moisture from the air surrounding the timber.<br /><br />In conclusion, seasoning of timber is an essential process that ensures the stability and durability of the material. The common methods used in timber seasoning include air drying, kiln drying, solar drying, and mechanical drying.