3- Design a3-bit ripple carry adder using full adders as building blocks . Include the carry-in to the LSB. There should be 7 inputs: (A_(2)A_(1)A_(0)) one 3-bit operand, (B_(2)B_(1)B_(0)) another 3-bit operand, and Cin, the carry-in to the LSB of the adder. There should be 4 outputs (S_(2)S_(1)S_(0)) which is the sum , and Cout, which is the carry-out of the MSB. Calculate the expected results for each test in Table 1.

To design a 3-bit ripple carry adder using full adders as building blocks, we can follow these steps:<br /><br />1. Draw the schematic of a full adder circuit. It consists of three inputs (A, B, and Cin) and two outputs (Sum and Carry).<br /><br />2. Connect three full adders in series to form the ripple carry adder. The inputs to the first full adder will be A2, B2, and Cin. The output of the first full adder will be connected to the inputs of the second full adder, and so on, until the third full adder.<br /><br />3. Connect the carry-out output of the first full adder to the carry-in input of the second full adder, and the carry-out output of the second full adder to the carry-in input of the third full adder.<br /><br />4. Connect the sum outputs of each full adder to the corresponding sum output of the ripple carry adder.<br /><br />5. Connect the carry-out output of the third full adder to the carry-out output of the ripple carry adder.<br /><br />The resulting circuit will be a 3-bit ripple carry adder with 7 inputs (A2, A1, A0, B2, B1, B0, and Cin) and 4 outputs (S2, S1, S0, and Cout).<br /><br />To calculate the expected results for each test in Table 1, we can use the truth table for the ripple carry adder. The truth table will list all possible combinations of inputs and their corresponding outputs.<br /><br />Let's assume that the truth table for the 3-bit ripple carry adder is as follows:<br /><br />| A2 | A1 | A0 | B2 | B1 | B0 | Cin | S2 | S1 | S0 | Cout |<br />|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|-----|<br />| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |<br />| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |<br />| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |<br />| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |<br />| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |<br />| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |<br />| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |<br />| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |<br />| 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |<br />| 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |<br />| 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |<br />| 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |<br />| 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |<br />| 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |<br />|