11. During a Gram staining process, __ is th agent that makes the differentiation betwe Gr+ and Gr- bacteria. a. Safranin b. Lugole c. Crystal violet d. Alcohol

The correct answer is c. Crystal violet.<br /><br />During the Gram staining process, crystal violet is the agent that makes the differentiation between Gram-positive (Gr+) and Gram-negative (Gr-) bacteria. Crystal violet is a purple dye that is used as the primary stain in the Gram staining procedure. It binds to the peptidoglycan layer in the cell walls of Gram-positive bacteria, resulting in the retention of the purple color. On the other hand, Gram-negative bacteria have a thinner peptidoglycan layer and an outer membrane, which prevents the crystal violet from binding effectively. As a result, Gram-negative bacteria do not retain the crystal violet stain and are counterstained with safranin, which stains them pink or red.