15) Which of the following(s)may cause an instrumental deviations in Beer's law? I. Polychromatic light source 11- Stray light III- Cell/Cuvette variability A) Only II B) Only III C) Iand II D) II and III E) I, II and III

E) I, II and III<br /><br />All three factors mentioned can cause instrumental deviations in Beer's law:<br /><br />I. Polychromatic light source: If the light source used is not monochromatic, it may emit light at multiple wavelengths. This can cause variations in the amount of light absorbed by the sample, leading to deviations from Beer's law.<br /><br />II. Stray light: Stray light refers to light that is not directed through the sample and does not contribute to the measurement. It can cause inaccuracies in the absorbance readings, leading to deviations from Beer's law.<br /><br />III. Cell/Cuvette variability: Variability in the design or quality of the cell or cuvette used for the measurement can also cause deviations from Beer's law. For example, differences in the path length of the light through the cell or variations in the material used for the cuvette can affect the measurement.<br /><br />Therefore, all three factors (I, II, and III) can cause instrumental deviations in Beer's law.