(a) Power is necessary ingredient in development, Discuss this statement in relation to the influence of power in Africa's resource distributions ( 10 marks) (b) Briefly state the challenges in achieving National cohesion and integration in Kenya ( 5 marks)

(a) Power is necessary ingredient in development, Discuss this statement in relation to the influence of power in Africa's resource distributions (10 marks)<br /><br />Power is indeed a necessary ingredient in development. In the context of Africa's resource distributions, power plays a significant role in shaping the economic and political landscape of the continent. The influence of power in resource distributions can be seen in various ways:<br /><br />1. **Resource Allocation:** Power determines how resources are allocated within a country. Governments with strong power can prioritize their own interests and allocate resources accordingly, which may lead to unequal distribution of resources among different regions or groups.<br /><br />2. **Political Stability:** Power can influence political stability in a country. Countries with centralized power may experience political instability if there is a lack of accountability and transparency in resource management. On the other hand, countries with decentralized power may face challenges in coordinating resource distribution effectively.<br /><br />3. **Economic Development:** Power can impact economic development in a country. Countries with strong power may have the ability to invest in infrastructure and technology to maximize the potential of their resources. However, countries with weak power may struggle to attract investment and develop their resources efficiently.<br /><br />4. **Social Inequality:** Power can contribute to social inequality in a country. If power is concentrated in the hands of a few individuals or groups, it may lead to unequal access to resources and opportunities, resulting in social disparities.<br /><br />In conclusion, power is a crucial factor in development, and its influence on resource distributions in Africa can implications for economic growth, political stability, and social cohesion.<br /><br />(b) Briefly state the challenges in achieving National cohesion and integration in Kenya (5 marks)<br /><br />Achieving national cohesion and integration in Kenya faces several challenges:<br /><br />1. **Ethnic Tensions:** Kenya is a diverse country with over 40 ethnic groups. Ethnic tensions and conflicts have historically hindered national cohesion and integration. Differences in language, culture, and political affiliations can exacerbate these tensions.<br /><br />2. **Political Polarization:** Political polarization and divisions among different ethnic groups and political parties can hinder efforts towards national cohesion. This polarization can lead to conflicts and hinder the formation of a unified national identity.<br /><br />3. **Economic Inequality:** Economic disparities and unequal distribution of resources can contribute to social divisions and hinder national integration. When certain groups feel marginalized or excluded from economic opportunities, it can lead to resentment and conflict.<br /><br />4. **Weak Governance:** Weak governance and corruption can undermine trust in government institutions and hinder efforts towards national cohesion. When citizens perceive that power is concentrated in the hands of a few individuals or groups, it can lead to disillusionment and disengagement from the political process.<br /><br />5. **Lack of National Symbols:** The lack of shared national symbols and a strong sense of national identity can hinder efforts towards national cohesion. Without a common sense of belonging and shared values, it can be challenging to foster unity and integration among diverse groups.<br /><br />Addressing these challenges requires a multifaceted approach that promotes inclusive governance, equitable economic development, and the nurturing of a shared national identity.