2- Please choose one of the following electoral systems and explain it in detail. a) First-past-the-post b) Majoritarian systems-two round systems e) Single transferable voting d) Mixed-member proportional representation

a) First-past-the-post<br /><br />The first-past-the-post (FPTP) electoral system is a plurality voting method in which the candidate who receives the most votes in a particular electoral district wins the election. This system is commonly used in single-member districts, where only one representative is elected to represent the entire district.<br /><br />In the FPTP system, voters in a district are presented with a list of candidates and are required to cast a single vote for their preferred candidate. The candidate who receives the highest number of votes is declared the winner, regardless of whether they have achieved a majority of the votes (more than 50%).<br /><br />One of the main advantages of the FPTP system is its simplicity and ease of understanding. Voters can simply choose their preferred candidate, and the candidate with the most votes wins. This system also tends to favor larger political parties, as smaller parties may struggle to secure enough votes to win in a particular district.<br /><br />However, the FPTP system has been criticized for potentially leading to a lack of representation for minority groups and for not accurately reflecting the overall popular vote. In some cases, a candidate may win the election with less than a majority of the votes, which can be seen as undemocratic.<br /><br />Overall, the first-past-the-post electoral system is a widely used and straightforward method for electing representatives, but it has its drawbacks and limitations.