Describe the main teachings of the following religions: a) Hinduism. b) Jainism. (5 Marks) 8) (5Marks) Buddhism. QI ESTION THREE. (5Marks) a) "In many ways.Taoism taught the opposite of Confucianism "Discuss b) Citing examples illustrate the significance of religious beliefs and practices in enhancing environmental stewardship. (8 Marks) (7 Marks) QUESTION FOUR. a) Demonstrate how ancient religions influence(d) the so-called modern religions. (8 Marks) b) "The concept of God in Judaism permeates social.economic and political life of Jews." Explore. (7 Marks)

QUESTION ONE:<br /><br />a) Hinduism:<br />Hinduism is a diverse and complex religion with no single founder or central authority. Its teachings emphasize the importance of dharma (duty/ethics), karma (action and consequence), and the cycle of birth and rebirth (samsara). Hinduism also teaches the existence of a supreme being, Brahman, and the importance of rituals, worship, and devotion. The religion also emphasizes the pursuit of knowledge and the attainment of enlightenment.<br /><br />b) Jainism:<br />Jainism is an ancient Indian religion that teaches the importance of non-violence, compassion, and self-realization. Jains believe in the existence of a supreme being, but the religion does not focus on the worship of deities. Instead, it emphasizes the pursuit of spiritual knowledge and the attainment of liberation through ethical conduct, meditation, and self-realization. Jains also practice strict vegetarianism and non-violence towards all living beings.<br /><br />c) Buddhism:<br />Buddhism is a religion founded by Siddhartha Gautama, also known as the Buddha. Its teachings emphasize the importance of the Four Noble Truths: suffering exists, suffering is caused by desire, suffering can be ended, and the way to end suffering is to follow the Eightfold Path. Buddhism also teaches the concept of karma and the cycle of birth and rebirth. The religion emphasizes the importance of meditation, ethical conduct, and the pursuit of enlightenment.<br /><br />QUESTION TWO:<br /><br />a) "In many ways, Taoism taught the opposite of Confucianism." Discuss:<br />Taoism and Confucianism are two distinct philosophical traditions that originated in ancient China. While Confucianism emphasizes the importance of social order, hierarchy, and moral values, Taoism emphasizes the importance of living in harmony with the natural world and the Tao (the Way). Confucianism focuses on the cultivation of moral virtues and the development of social relationships, while Taoism emphasizes the cultivation of inner energy and the attainment of spiritual enlightenment. In this sense, Taoism can be seen as teaching the opposite of Confucianism.<br /><br />b) Citing examples, illustrate the significance of religious beliefs and practices in enhancing environmental stewardship:<br />Religious beliefs and practices can play a significant role in promoting environmental stewardship. For example, many religions emphasize the importance of caring for the Earth as a sacred trust and a gift from God. Religious communities may engage in practices such as tree planting, conservation efforts, and sustainable agriculture. Additionally, religious leaders can use their influence to promote environmental awareness and encourage their followers to adopt environmentally-friendly practices. For example, the Catholic Church has been actively involved in environmental conservation efforts, such as protecting rainforests and promoting sustainable development.<br /><br />QUESTION THREE:<br /><br />a) Demonstrate how ancient religions influence(d) the so-called modern religions:<br />Ancient religions have had a significant influence on the development of modern religions. For example, the teachings of Christianity, Islam, and Judaism can be traced back to the teachings of Judaism, which is one of the oldest monotheistic religions. The teachings of Buddhism and Hinduism have also influenced the development of other religions, such as Sikhism and Jainism. Additionally, the teachings of ancient religions have influenced the development of philosophical and ethical systems, such as Confucianism and Taoism, which have had a significant impact on East Asian cultures.<br /><br />b) "The concept of God in Judaism permeates social, economic, and political life of Jews." Explore:<br />The concept of God in Judaism is central to the religion and has a profound impact on the social, economic, and political life of Jews. In Judaism, God is seen as the creator and ruler of the universe, and the source of all moral and ethical values. The belief in God is closely tied to the Jewish identity and sense of community, and is reflected in Jewish rituals, customs, and laws. The concept of God also plays a significant role in Jewish economic and political life, as Jews have historically been prohibited from engaging in certain economic activities on the Sabbath and holidays, and have faced discrimination and persecution based on their religious beliefs.